Editorial policy

• Focus and Scope
• Section policies
• Peer review process
• Frequency of publication
• Publication policy on special issues
• Open Science policy
• Open Access policy
• Plagiarism policy
• Ethics and malpractice statement
• Privacy policy
• Copyright policy
• Policy on the use of Artificial Intelligence models
• Research Data Management
• Digital Archive Preservation Policy
• Application of publication charges
• Policy on errata, corrections and retractions
• Conflict of Interest Statement
• Financing Model and Sustainability Policy
• Complaints and appeals
• Policy for handling contributions from editors, members of the Editorial Board or authors of the publishing institution.
• Editorial and publication process

Focus and scope

The Journal Política Internacional, is a peer-reviewed, Open Access, Diamond/Platinum OA scientific serial publication, edited and published quarterly by the Raúl Roa García Higher Institute of International Relations, from Cuba.

It primarily publishes original research articles, as well as systematic or narrative reviews and reflection articles, which constitute the core of its scientific content. Additionally, empirical or theoretical research notes, Interviews with prominent figures in the field of international relations, and critical reviews of recent books or research of academic relevance, provided they contribute to debate and the advancement of knowledge.

Since Issue 1 in 2019, the journal has been published quarterly, following a regular publication schedule of four issues per year. The contents of each issue are available in the first month of each quarter (January, April, July, October).

Committed to the global dissemination of knowledge, the journal publishes all of its content in various repositories, guaranteeing open access to information for all interested parties. Manuscript submission, processing, review, editing, and publication are free of charge (no article processing charges - APCs). The journal also supports open science, accepting manuscripts previously submitted to preprint servers for review and possible publication.

Thematic Coverage

Its objective is to contribute to the study, research, and development of political science, with a special emphasis on international relations, as well as the analysis of international politics from an interdisciplinary perspective, addressing, among other things, its theoretical, historical, political, economic, legal, communicational, and social dimensions. Its thematic coverage includes, but is not limited to, the following fields:

• Theory and methodology of international relations.
• History of international relations.
• Geopolitics and geoeconomics.
• Multilateralism, international organizations, global and regional governance.
• Diplomacy and foreign policy.
• Country, regional, and comparative studies in international politics.
• Economic relations and international political economy.
• International monetary and financial architecture.
• International law.
• Conflicts, peace, and international security.
• Sustainable development.
• Poles, blocs, alliances, and power actors, both traditional and emerging, in international relations.
• Non-state actors, transnational social movements, and global civil society.
• Competition, confrontation, cooperation, coordination, association, and international integration.
• International political communication.
• Technology, cybersecurity, and international relations.
• International environmental policy and climate diplomacy.
• Global challenges (e.g., climate change, migration, global health, pandemics, food security, transnational organized crime, terrorism, etc.) from the perspective of international relations.

Target audience

The journal is aimed at academics, researchers, students, professionals, and decision-makers in the fields of international relations and political science, as well as the study and analysis of international politics.

Languages

Receives and publishes contributions in Spanish, English, French and Portuguese.

For all contributions, regardless of the language of the full text, it is mandatory to include the title, abstract, and keywords in English. This facilitates the visibility and retrievability of articles in international databases.

Type of license

The entire content of the journal is accessible and protected under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial International 4.0 (CC BY-NC 4.0) License, which permits its use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, as well as the creation of derivative works, provided that the original author is cited and acknowledged and that it is for non-commercial purposes.

Mission

To publish and disseminate, nationally and internationally, high-quality original research, as well as rigorous and critical analysis, that contribute to the study, updating, and debate of political science, with special emphasis on international relations and the analysis of international politics.

Vision

To be a scientific journal of reference, with national and international recognition and visibility in the field of international relations and the analysis of international politics, contributing to the advancement of studies related to the thematic areas it deals with.

Certifications, registration and indexing

The journal is certified by CITMA (Code 2295920), registered in the National Register of Serial Publications (RNPS No. 2092, Folio 098, Volume III) and has an electronic (2707-7330) and printed (1810-9330) ISSN.

It is included or indexed in the following national and international directories, catalogues, portals, platforms, repositories, networks and search engines for scientific and academic content:

DIRECTORIES:

DOAJ  (Directory of Open Access Journals), CLASE (Citas LatinoamericanasenCienciasSociales y Humanidades), EUROPUB (Directory of Academic and Scientific Journals), ROAD (Directory of Open Access scholarly Resources), CiteFactor, DRJI (Directory of Research Journals Indexing), Journament (Journal Indexing and Scoring Service), Latindex.

SPECIALISED CATALOGUES:

Catálogo Latindex 2.0, WorldCat, AURA

INDEX OF JOURNALS:

ERIHPLUS (European Reference Index for the Humanities and Social Sciences), LatinREV (Red latinoamericana de revistasacadémicasencienciassociales y humanidades), I2OR (International Institute of Organized Research), ResearchBib (Academic Resource Index), SIS (Scientific Indexing Service), Global Scholar Index, Eurasian Scientific Journal Index.

SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTION PORTALS:

BIBLAT (Bibliografía Latinoamericana), CLACSO (Consejo Latinoamericano de Ciencias Sociales), MIAR (Matriz de Información para el Análisis de Revistas), Redalyc (Sistema de Información Científica Redalyc), AmeliCA, EDUNIV (Red de Editoriales Universitarias), RedCien (Red Cubana de la Ciencia), LiVre (Revista de livre acceso).

AGGREGATION PLATFORMS AND REPOSITORIES OF SCIENTIFIC AND ACADEMIC CONTENT:

REDIB (Ibero-American Network of Innovation and Scientific Knowledge), ZENODO (General-purpose open access repository)

ZENODO (General Purpose Open Access Repository)

OpenAIRE (General Purpose Open Access Repository)

ACADEMIC NETWORKS:

Google Scholar, ISIDORE

SEARCH ENGINES FOR SCIENTIFIC AND ACADEMIC CONTENT:

BASE (Bielefeld Academic Search Engine), MIR@BEL

Persistent Identifiers
DOI
All articles published in Política Internacional are assigned a unique and permanent digital object identifier (DOI) to facilitate their perpetuity, location, and retrieval.

ORCID
Authors publishing in Política Internacional must provide their persistent ORCID identifier to eliminate ambiguity in their names and signatures and facilitate correct attribution of authorship of their articles.

Section policies

The journal Política Internacional includes the following sections in its published issues:

Words to the readers: Contribution written by the editorial board, or a guest expert, with the aim of introducing the topics covered in the issue in question of the journal. It is also used to make known the position or opinion of the journal in relation to a certain aspect (policy, theoretical, conceptual, etc.) related to the issue of the journal in which it is published. Its length will not exceed 1500 words. It is not peer-reviewed.

The World We Live In: Includes analytical and scholarly articles on the dynamic contemporary developments in international relations and international politics, favoring a trans, inter and multidisciplinary approach. Double-blind peer-reviewed.

Cuban diplomacy: Section devoted to issues related to the exercise, impact, and practice of Cuban diplomacy, the country's international relations or Cuba's foreign policy, from a broad and multidimensional perspective, including its history, present reality and future projection. Double-blind peer-reviewed, with the exception of interviews with personalities linked to the section's profile.

International Relations: includes articles of conceptual theoretical depth for international relations theory, international policy analysis and political science, favouring a trans, inter and multidisciplinary approach. Double-blind peer-reviewed.

Student Scientific Lens: includes one student article per published issue of the journal, on a topic consistent with the focus and scope of the journal, with special emphasis on international relations, political science and international policy analysis. Double-blind peer-reviewed by academic peers.

Notes, reviews, dissertations, comments: of articles, books and research recently published or resulting from academic events. Maximum length of 5 pages. They must not refer to publications or events more than two years old. Interviews related to the editorial profile of the journal are also accepted. They are not peer-reviewed. They are reviewed and approved by the main editor.

Publications received: aims to highlight relevant publications received by the publishing Institution related to the focus and scope of the journal, with particular emphasis on international relations and international politics. They are not peer-reviewed, but are reviewed and approved by the main editor.

The following types of articles are published in the sections The World We Live In, Cuban Diplomacy, International Relations and Student Scientific Lens: Original Research Articles, Reflection Articles and Review Articles.

Please read the instructions to the journal's authors for more details on the different types of contributions to our publication.

Peer Review process

Peer review enhances the academic quality and scientific rigour of the contributions to be published, while assisting the Editorial Board in the process of selecting and approving the papers to be published.

The evaluation of papers in the journal Política Internacional is carried out under the principle of double-blind peer review, with strict anonymity between authors and reviewers, in order to contribute to the impartiality and objectivity of the process, as well as to avoid the existence of conflicts of interest in the evaluation process, ensuring that editorial decisions are based exclusively on the scientific quality of the manuscripts.

All manuscripts submitted to the journal will undergo a peer review process (except for notes, interviews, book reviews or events, which will be evaluated and approved by the Editor-in-Chief and/or the Editorial Board to ensure quality, relevance, and compliance with ethical and style standards).

The peer review process will not begin until the initial editorial check has been completed, in order to verify that the manuscript meets the submission standards required by the journal, as well as that it conforms to the journal's editorial profile. See the journal's editorial process for more details.

The group of referees of the journal is made up of professionals with experience in the academic and research world, as well as in the field of knowledge they are consulted in, from various institutions. The journal also strives to maintain a peer review board with international geographic representation. They must comply with the ethical obligations of referees set out in the Ethics and Negligence Statement of our Editorial Policy and with the principles described by the Committee on Publication Ethics (Ethics-COPE).

Reviewers are selected through a evaluation of their academic or professional experience, subject specialization and institutional affiliation. Every manuscript submitted for peer review will be evaluated by two reviewers. In special cases, if deemed necessary, the Editorial Board/Executive Editor may increase the number of reviewers (for example, for interdisciplinary or controversial topics).

If a reviewer fails to meet the established deadlines for evaluation without valid justification, they will be formally reminded. If the delay persists, they will be replaced by another referee to ensure the continuity of the editorial process. Furthermore, reviewers who consistently fail to meet these deadlines may be removed from the panel of referees and excluded from future calls.

The evaluators will assess, impartially, rigorously and objectively, the originality, timeliness, quality, scientific rigour and contribution of the work. The evaluation will also include the verification of ethical aspects, with the aim of avoiding bad scientific practices, such as plagiarism. A standardised evaluation form approved by the Editorial Board will be used to carry out the evaluation. Manuscripts will be prepared for review in a manner that does not reveal the identity of the authors (eliminating names, affiliations, acknowledgements, etc.) and will be treated as confidential documents. As a result of the evaluation, the reviewers will express their conclusions in a clear, concise and well-founded written opinion. All information in the manuscript and the evaluation is confidential and reviewers must guarantee this confidentiality.

The Executive Editor will receive a recommendation from the reviewers to:

1. Approve the manuscript for publication without changes,
2. Approve the manuscript for publication subject to minor changes, which do not require a second review by the reviewers.
3. Redraft the manuscript and submit for re-evaluation,
4. Reject the manuscript.

The opinions that emerge from this process, including the decision to approve, revise or reject the work, will only be made known to the author by the main editor. The editor will make the final decision on the publication of the article, based on the recommendations of the reviewers. Authors will receive a communication with the editorial decision. 

The maximum time between the acceptance of the article and the first evaluation by the referees will be up to 30 days. A manuscript may undergo a maximum of three rounds of review (initial submission and up to two rounds of major revisions) before a final decision of acceptance or rejection is made. The total time of the academic evaluation process will not exceed 3 months. The date of approval of the papers will be fixed from the moment the final version has been approved.

When the submitted paper is accepted by the reviewers with no proposed changes, it will move on to the next stage: editorial correction of style, editing, design and layout. Alternatively, as a result of the evaluation process, the reviewers may decide to return the article to the authors for corrections. The suggested corrections may be minor, and once made by the author, the article may continue the editorial process; or major, involving partial or total reworking of the work and its submission for re-evaluation. In the case of manuscripts approved with minor modifications, the authors must send the corrected paper back to the Journal within 21 days, in a version that includes the changes made.

When there is a discrepancy of opinion between the two peer reviewers, a third reviewer will be chosen to provide a third opinion and make a final decision on publication. The Executive Editor and/or the Editorial Board will have the final decision on whether to accept the article and move on to the next stages of the editorial process.

If there is agreement by the reviewers that the manuscript is not publishable, the Executive Editor will inform the authors of this negative opinion and the paper will not continue the editorial process. The main reasons for rejection of papers by the reviewers are related to: lack of originality and scientific novelty, unreliability of the results and conclusions reached, incoherence between the proposed objectives and the development of the work, low quality and poor updating of bibliographical references, and/or the existence of bad practices.

Acceptance of a paper for review does not imply a commitment to publish it. In the event of rejection, authors have the option to file a formal appeal with the Editorial Board within a maximum of 10 business days after receiving the notification, justifying their request based on possible procedural or interpretive errors. The final decision on the appeal will be made by the Editorial Board.. 

The journal thanks all peer reviewers for their time and effort. Their contribution is essential to maintain the high quality standards of the journal. The reviewers, for the peer review process, should use the following evaluation form for the review of papers.

Frequency of publication

The journal, from Issue 1. 2019, publishes on a quarterly basis following a regular publication schedule of four issues per year (January-March, April-June, July-September, October-December). The contents of each issue are available in the first month of each quarter (January, April, July, October).

The journal is committed to timely publication of its issues to ensure regularity and timely access to scientific content.

Open Science policy

The journal Política Internacional supports the principles and practices that guide Open Science.

On the deposit of manuscripts on preprint servers. The journal accepts for evaluation and possible publication manuscripts previously deposited in recognised preprint servers (SciELO Preprints is recommended: https://preprints.scielo.org), as a "green route" for the communication of science.

In case manuscripts are available in any repository, they must be properly referenced with the manuscript submission, mentioning the servers that host the document, as well as its exact location (URL).

Open Access. See the journal's Open Access policy.

On the openness and availability of data. In order to gain transparency and credibility, our journal favours the availability and openness of the research data underlying the text of the article. Thus, authors are invited to publicly post and reference the data they use for the preparation of their work through specialised servers (SciELO Data, DataCite, Google Data Set Search, among others), so that they can be shared and reused. This deposit must be made before or at the time of submission of the manuscript.

The chosen repository must be FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable, Reusable) and Open Access.

It excludes the provision of data that, under any circumstances, compromises the protection, privacy or security of research participants or any other legal or ethical issue.

It should be noted that the availability and openness of data contributes to facilitating the evaluation of the manuscript, the replicability of research, increases the visibility and citations of articles, and facilitates the transparency and credibility of the research itself.

Publication policy on special issues

Special issues, also known as monographs, supplements or thematic issues, are extraordinary editions, which complement the regular issues and are published within the annual periodicity of the journal or as part of a specific volume. Their main purpose is to deepen or communicate in a specific way about a specific topic or event.

Proposals for special issues may be initiated by the editorial team or submitted by external guest editors. In both cases, they must be submitted to the journal's Editorial Board for approval, following a formal process that will include the submission of a detailed plan. This plan, which must be approved by the Editorial Board, should include:

• Provisional title of the special issue.
• Justification of the topic's relevance and timeliness for the journal and its audience, including its alignment with the editorial profile of International Politics.
• Objectives of the special issue: clearly define what is expected to be achieved with this edition.
• List of topics or subtopics to be addressed and expected types of articles (e.g., original research, reviews, essays).
• Proposed timeline (call for papers, submission deadline, review process, estimated publication date).
• Proposal of guest editors (if applicable), including their academic credentials, affiliations, and relevant editorial experience. A declaration of potential conflicts of interest related to the topic or potential authors will also be requested.
• Estimated number of articles to be published.

For the management of special issues, a team of Guest Editors may be appointed (ad hoc). The selection of these editors will be subject to the approval of the Editorial Board, based on their experience, academic reputation in the subject area, and proven editorial track record. The Guest Editors' responsibilities will include:

• Developing and disseminating the Call for Papers.
• Managing the manuscript submission process.
• Overseeing the peer review process for all manuscripts, ensuring compliance with the journal's review policy and the selection of qualified reviewers.
• Making editorial decisions on the acceptance, revision, or rejection of manuscripts, in consultation with and with final approval by the Executive Editor or the assigned Editorial Board editor.
• Ensuring that all articles comply with the journal's publication ethics policies (plagiarism, authorship, conflicts of interest, etc.).
• Maintaining fluid communication with the authors and the journal's editorial team. 
• Manage potential conflicts of interest, ensuring that Guest Editors do not contribute their own manuscripts to the special issue they are editing. In the event of a justified exception approved by the Editorial Board, said manuscript must be managed and reviewed independently by a member of the journal's Editorial Board, independent of the editing process for that special issue, and following the journal's standard peer review process.

The journal's Editorial Board will maintain final oversight and ultimate decision-making authority over the entire editorial process of the special issue, including the validation of acceptance decisions and the resolution of any ethical or procedural conflicts, ensuring adherence to the journal's policies and quality standards at all times.

It is essential to emphasize that all articles proposed for special issues, without exception, must undergo the same external peer review and editing process as articles in regular issues. Acceptance for a special issue does not guarantee publication. Authors must comply with the journal's publication policies, including those related to plagiarism, ethics in scientific publication, authorship, originality, copyright, disclosure of conflicts of interest, and the use of artificial intelligence models. Failure to comply with any of these policies will result in the rejection of the manuscript or retraction of the published article, depending on the severity of the violation, in accordance with the journal's Retraction Policy.

For a special issue to be published as such, a minimum of 10 articles must be accepted and ready for publication after successfully completing the peer review and editing process. If the number of accepted articles falls below this minimum, or if the Editorial Board determines that the special issue as a whole does not meet the expected quality standards (e.g. academic rigor, significant contribution to the field, originality or thematic coherence), individual articles that have successfully passed the peer review process may be considered for publication in a regular issue of the journal. In such cases, the authors and guest editors will be informed of this decision. Publication of these articles in a regular issue will not imply their inclusion under the original theme of the special issue, but rather as individual contributions.

Open access policy

The International Policy journal is an Open Access publication free of charge, in Diamond/Platinum OA model. As such, it provides immediate and free open access to its content, based on the principle that providing the public with free access to research helps to increase the global exchange of knowledge. Published articles and other contributions are made freely, immediately and openly accessible online on the journal's website.

It operates on the basis of the Budapest Open Access Declaration, the Berlin Declaration and the promoting the free circulation of scientific knowledge, transparency in evaluation, and equity in access to scientific information.San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment. In accordance with this Open Access policy, users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search or link to the full texts of articles, or use them for any lawful purpose, without any financial, legal or technical barriers other than those that are inseparable from Internet access itself.

All the content of the journal is accessible and protected under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial International 4.0 (CC BY-NC 4.0) License, which permits its use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, as well as the generation of derivative works; provided that the original author is cited and acknowledged and that it is for non-commercial purposes.

Authors retain the exploitation rights of published articles and are free to disseminate through personal websites and open access repositories the published version of the article, making reference to the original publication. The version published on the journal's website is the definitive and final Version of Record (VoR).

The journal Política Internacional encourages self-archiving of published articles to maximize their visibility and accessibility. Authors may submit the following versions of their manuscripts to institutional or subject repositories or on their personal websites, provided they provide due attribution to the original publication in Política Internacional and a link to the Version of Record (VoR) on our website:

• Pre-print (submitted version): The version of the manuscript before peer review.
• Post-print (author's accepted version, AAM): The version of the manuscript after peer review and acceptance for publication, but before final layout and editing by the journal.
• Version of Record (VoR): The final version published on the journal's website, as it appears in the publication. A link to the VoR on the journal's website is requested.

In this Open Access policy, at no step of the publication process, do we charge any kind of subscription, submission, processing, publication or reading of articles in our journal, without charging any fee to the authors (or their institution) or to the readers.

The Journal participates and is indexed in various databases, portals, repositories and journal catalogues, providing easy, free and open access to published documents. To ensure the unique identification and citability of each article, all our published content is assigned a Digital Object Identifier (DOI). The goal is to maximize the dissemination and visibility of published scientific work, facilitating its discovery and access globally.

Policy on plagiarism

The Journal Política Internacional categorically rejects plagiarism (including self-plagiarism) and any practice that compromises scientific integrity. Plagiarism constitutes a serious ethical misconduct and unacceptable behavior, which undermines the integrity of scholarly communication. Our journal is committed to promoting academic integrity and originality in all the papers we publish.

We define plagiarism as the misappropriation of ideas, words, data, images or other content created by others without due acknowledgement or attribution to the original author. This includes the literal copying of texts, in whole or in part, without citing the source, or the substantial paraphrasing of texts without citing the original source. Both plagiarism and self-plagiarism are rejected, as well as the reuse of previously published works by the authors without proper citation.

Self-plagiarism refers to the substantial reuse of content, data, or ideas from works previously published by the author (or authors) without proper citation and justification for their reappearance. This includes the practice of ‘salami slicing’ (dividing a study into multiple minimal publications) or redundant publication, even with citation, if it does not provide significant added value, a new perspective, or a substantial advance in knowledge.

Política Internacional will follow the guidelines of COPE (the Committee On Publication Ethics) in case of suspicion or allegation of plagiarism, both in a manuscript submitted for evaluation and in an article already published.

All manuscripts will be reviewed using recognized anti-plagiarism tools, complemented by manual evaluation by the editorial team, before being sent for peer review. Any indication of plagiarism will be thoroughly investigated. 

Authors submitting manuscripts to the journal Política Internacional must guarantee that the submitted work is original, unpublished, and has not been published in whole or in part in any other peer-reviewed journal or publication. Furthermore, the manuscript must not be simultaneously under review by another publication. If the manuscript contains material previously published in the form of preprints, doctoral theses, conference papers (abstracts), or institutional repositories, the authors must explicitly state this in the cover letter and properly cite the original source. Authors are responsible for ensuring that the article and associated materials do not infringe the copyright of third parties and that all derived or reused content is properly cited and referenced.

Those papers in which plagiarism is identified will be automatically rejected. The author or authors will be sanctioned with the prohibition to publish in the journal for at least five years, and the institutional and/or academic authorities to which the author belongs will be duly informed of the fact.  The journal communicates the sanction to the author's affiliated institutions through a formal notification that includes only essential information: the type of violation (e.g., "textual plagiarism"), the decision taken (e.g., "retraction of the article"), and the reference of the affected work, omitting unnecessary personal details. This communication is made through official channels (institutional email). In the event that plagiarism (including self-plagiarism) is detected and verified in an already published article, International Policy will strictly follow the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines and flowcharts for managing retractions and corrections. If a retraction is determined to be necessary, the article will be marked as "Retracted" on the journal's website and in the databases where it is indexed. A formal retraction notice will be published, linked to the original article, clearly explaining the reason for the retraction and the date. The original article will remain accessible but clearly marked as retracted, to maintain the scholarly record.

Likewise, reviewers are asked, during the evaluation stage, to report if they detect any form of plagiarism in the manuscript. Reviewers must report substantiated suspicions of plagiarism —with comparative extracts and original sources—to the Executive Editor via the institutional email, without disclosing the accusation publicly. The journal guarantees reviewer confidentiality, avoids retaliation, and only proceeds with retractions or sanctions after a rigorous investigation, ensuring due process for the accused author.

Should the Política internacional editorial team identify suspicions of plagiarism, and in the interest of due process, the authors (or the corresponding author on behalf of all co-authors) will be notified of the allegations and provided with relevant evidence supporting the suspicion. Authors will have 10 working days from the date of notification to present their defense, clarifications, or any evidence they consider relevant to refute the accusation. The journal will carefully evaluate the authors' response before making a final decision and applying any sanctions contemplated in this policy.

The journal Política Internacional will verify through the anti-plagiarism tools Plagiarisma and Editpad that the manuscripts received do not contain undeclared content of previous articles by the authors themselves (self-plagiarism), or by others (plagiarism), in order to ensure compliance with the quality and ethical standards of the publication, and to maintain the original and unpublished nature of the published results. The programs generate a report, highlighting the percentage coincidence between the uploaded article and the published material. To detect plagiarism of graphic resources, the journal uses the TinEye service and ImageTwin or Proofig for generative AI.

The reports generated by these tools provide a similarity percentage that serves as an initial indicator, but the final decision on the existence of plagiarism always rests with a qualitative review by the editorial team.

The following thresholds and procedures are established:
• Similarity Less than 15%: Manuscripts with an overall similarity percentage of less than 15% (excluding the references/bibliography section and common phrases) will be considered, in principle, suitable for further editorial processing, following a quick review of the report by the editorial team to rule out problematic matches.
• Similarity Between 15% and 25%: Manuscripts with an overall similarity percentage between 15% and 25% (excluding the references/bibliography section and common phrases) will undergo a thorough manual review by the editorial team. This review will analyze the context of the matches, identifying whether they correspond to:
• Correct citations and references.
• Standardized methodologies or common technical descriptions.
• Phrases or terminology commonly used in the discipline.
• Undeclared self-plagiarism or plagiarism from uncited sources. After this review, the editorial team will determine whether the manuscript can move forward, requires revisions by the authors for clarification or proper citation, or is considered plagiarism.
• Similarity Greater than 25%: Manuscripts with an overall similarity percentage greater than 25% (excluding the references/bibliography section and common phrases) will be considered highly likely to contain plagiarism or significant self-plagiarism. These manuscripts will be subject to an in-depth and immediate investigation by the editorial team. If the presence of undeclared plagiarism or substantial self-plagiarism is confirmed, the manuscript will be preliminarily rejected, and appropriate sanctions will be applied according to our policy.

It is important to emphasize that the similarity percentage is a guideline. The editorial team reserves the right to investigate any indication of plagiarism, even if the similarity percentage is low, if the nature of the matches warrants it.

Authors who use Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools or language assistance technologies (e.g., ChatGPT, Grammarly) in the preparation of their manuscripts must do so responsibly and transparently. The use of AI to improve readability, grammar, and translation is acceptable, provided that authors carefully review and edit the generated content to ensure its accuracy, originality, and proper attribution of sources. Authors are entirely responsible for the content of their manuscript, including any part generated or assisted by AI. The use of AI to generate original ideas, data, results, or conclusions is not permitted. If AI is used to generate text, images, tables, or any other material included in the manuscript, authors must explicitly state this. Undeclared or inappropriate use of AI resulting in plagiarism, data fabrication, or any other ethical misconduct will be dealt with in accordance with our integrity policy. For more detailed and accurate information, we recommend consulting our journal's Artificial Intelligence Use Policy.

This policy will be reviewed periodically to adapt to international best practices and requirements.

Ethics and malpractice statement

The journal Política Internacional affirms its commitment to the scientific community to ensure the ethics and quality at all stages of the publication process. To this end, the journal is guided by the Guidelines on Good Publication Practice developed by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

In addition, the journal adheres to the Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing issued by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), the Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA) and the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME).

Any ethical violation related to the document will be resolved using the protocols established by the COPE. In the event of suspicion or breach of any of the good ethical practices set out in this Code, the procedure will be as outlined in the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) Flowcharts for each case.

The Editorial Board will act if it becomes aware that misconduct has occurred or if an allegation of malpractice is received. This extends to both published and unpublished documents. Individuals accused of wrongdoing will be protected against false or malicious accusations. Anonymous accusations will be carefully evaluated by the Editorial Board to determine whether there is sufficient corroborated evidence to warrant a formal investigation, while ensuring the protection of the accused against unfounded allegations. In addition, when authors, reviewers or editors have conflicts of interest that may influence the determination of what is to be published, the protocols described by COPE for resolving these will be employed.

The journal is not responsible for the opinions and concepts expressed in the papers; these are the sole responsibility of the authors. The Executive Editor, with the assistance of the Editorial Board, reserves the right to suggest or request advisable or necessary modifications.

The mention of commercial brands in the works is for identification purposes only, and there is no promotional commitment in relation to them.

Manifestations of misconduct and scientific fraud in the publication process:

• False authorship: appearing as author(s) or co-author(s) of research that has not been carried out.
• Duplicate publication: publishing all or part of an already published article.
• Fragmented publication: splitting a paper to publish as independent articles.
• Inflated publication: adding data to a previously published paper for publication as a new article.
• Plagiarism: taking ideas or phrases without citing the original source.
• Self-plagiarism: repeating the same content previously written by the author with the intention of publishing as a new article.
• Invention: elaborating all or part of the data.
• Falsification, omission or manipulation of data: falsifying, omitting or manipulating data or methods to meet the hypothesis.
• Incorrection of bibliographic citations: omitting relevant citations. Including citations not consulted. Excessive self-citation.
• Publication bias: forcing data to obtain positive results and high statistical significance.
• Individual appropriation of collective authorship, manipulation of authorship.

• Undisclosed or declared conflict of interest.

The detection of any of these manifestations of unethical conduct or scientific fraud will result in the rigorous application of the COPE Flowcharts. Corrective measures may include, but are not limited to, retraction of the article, issuance of an expression of concern or correction, notification to the authors' institutions, and a ban on future publication in the journal for a specified period. The journal reserves the right to take any action necessary to maintain the integrity of the scientific record.

The following is the Code of Conduct and Good Ethical Practices followed by the journal, based on the Guidelines on Good Publication Practices developed by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

The editors of this journal commit themselves to:

• Guarantee the selection of the most qualified and scientifically specialized reviewers to issue a critical and expert appraisal of the work, with the least possible biases.
• Committed to the confidentiality of the manuscripts, their authors and reviewers, so that anonymity preserves the intellectual integrity of the entire process.
• Not to use in their own research fragments, data, arguments or interpretations contained in the articles submitted for publication, until the article is published.
• Strive to constantly improve the journal by taking into account the different points of view of authors, readers, reviewers, and members of the Editorial Board.
• Have implemented in the journal all the necessary processes to ensure the quality of the material published.
• Decide which articles should be sent for peer review, as well as which are in conditions to be published after their review, in addition to preserving the confidentiality of the evaluated articles, not disclosing any information about their content, subject, authorship, data included, analysis performed or final conclusions.
• To guarantee the preservation of the entire content of the journal.
• Prevent commercial needs from compromising intellectual and ethical standards.
• Publish corrections, clarifications, retractions and apologies when necessary.
• Provide all actors in the process with the necessary information to perform their role efficiently
• Support all necessary actions to reduce the various manifestations of research and publication misconduct, and encourage ethical and responsible behavior
• Ensure that each published paper correctly reflects the results and interpretations proposed by the authors
• Ensure that peer-reviewed and non-peer-reviewed sections are clearly identified
• Ensure that peer review in the journal is fair, unbiased, and timely
• Adopt the peer review methods most appropriate for the journal and the research community it serves
• Editors will be alert to intellectual property issues and in correspondence will work with their publishers to handle potential infringements of intellectual property laws and conventions
• Best practices for publishers will also include adoption of plagiarism detection systems (e.g., software).
• The editors' decisions to accept or reject a paper for publication will be based on the contribution of the paper, originality, clarity, validity of the study, and its relevance to the subject field of the journal.

Related to readers:

• They will be informed about the funding sources, authors and institutions of the different papers.
• They will have all the necessary information and tools that will allow them to retrieve the metadata of the different documents.
• They will be able to access the full text of the documents at any time they wish and in different responsive formats.
• Have the obligation to properly reference the documents they consult.
• They have the obligation to make an adequate and responsible use of the information ensuring that no principle of good practice is violated.

Related to the authors:

• Authors of manuscripts submitted to Política Internacional assure that the work is original and unpublished, and also confirm the veracity of the data.
• The authors guarantee the inclusion of all those who have made a significant scientific and intellectual contribution. At the same time, they have ranked the authors according to their level of responsibility and involvement. In this regard, it is important not to attribute authorship to anyone who has not contributed to the article.
• Authors will remain anonymous throughout the peer review process.
• The author must always provide the correct indication of the sources and contributions mentioned in the article. The presentation of other authors' ideas as one's own is not an acceptable practice.
• All authors are required to explicitly declare that there are no conflicts of interest that may have influenced the results obtained or the interpretations proposed.
• The authors must report any source of funding that has allowed the study to be developed, as well as any other commitment that could influence the interpretation of the results.
• Immediately inform the journal editor when an author identifies an important error or inaccuracy in his/her article, providing all the necessary information to correct the error.
• All authors accept responsibility for what has been written.
• In the acknowledgements, the names of persons or institutions that have provided other support for the work should be included. Only contributions that the authors consider relevant will be acknowledged.
• In cases in which ethical misconduct is detected concerning the incorrect assignment of authors, omission of authors and undeclared conflict of interest, the journal will automatically cancel the publication of the work and will issue a note to the entire scientific community informing the event and the names of those responsible for the unethical conduct.
• The editors will support authors whose copyrights have been violated or who have been victims of plagiarism by requesting retractions or removal of material from websites regardless of copyright.

Relating to the peer reviewers:

• Reviewers shall issue their opinion in an objective and unbiased manner.
• The reviewers will have all the necessary guidance and preparation, as well as an evaluation guide, which will allow them to know how they should perform the evaluation, weigh the quality of each part of the document, state their observations and final decision.
• The reviewers will handle the papers and the information contained in them confidentially until the document is published.
• The journal will guarantee the preservation of reviewers' anonymity during the entire process
• The reviewers will immediately communicate to the editors about detected violations of good ethical practices during the review process such as: unethical research design, inadequate manipulation of data and rights, plagiarism, among others.
• Reviewers will communicate in a timely manner to the editors any conflict of interest they may detect when reading an article sent to them for review.
• Implement procedures to ensure that reviewers' comments reach the authors in their entirety and that they do not contain offensive or defamatory comments.
• Regularly monitor the performance of reviewers and take measures to ensure that reviews are of high quality.
• Maintain and renew the database of reviewers so that it presents an adequate representation of the scientific community specialized in the journal's publication topics.
• Stop using reviewers who consistently produce offensive, poor quality, and late reviews.

Related to Editorial Board members:

• Editors will provide new Editorial Board members with guidelines on all that is expected of them and should keep existing members updated on new policies implemented
• Qualified editorial board members who can actively contribute to the development and good management of the journal will be identified.
• Provide clear guidance to Editorial Board members on their expected roles and duties which may include: developing and implementing journal dissemination strategies, seeking new authors and novel papers, reviewing submissions, writing editorials, commenting and reviewing papers in their field, consulting with Editorial Board members periodically to evaluate the performance of the journal, among others.

Privacy policy

The journal Política Internacional is committed to protecting the privacy and confidentiality of the personal information of all its users (authors, co-authors, reviewers, editors, and website visitors). 

This privacy policy applies to all personal information collected by Política Internacional magazine through its editorial management platform, website, and any other form of direct interaction. It covers the identification, contact, and professional data of authors, co-authors, reviewers, editorial board members, and any other users who interact with our services.

The personal information collected by Política Internacional magazine will be used exclusively for the purposes of editorial management and publication. It will not be sold, rented, or transferred to third parties for commercial purposes.

The names and e-mail addresses entered in this journal will be used exclusively for the purposes stated in this journal and will not be provided to third parties or for use for other purposes. The identity of the authors of the papers received will not be made public until their publication. The identity of the authors of rejected manuscripts will not be made public.

The authors' names, scientific and academic qualifications, names of the institutions where they work, the main e-mail address and the ORCID code of the authors will only be used for the acknowledgment of authorship of the article being published and of all their rights as authors. The journal Política Internacional does not request or collect any other information from users.

Editors and reviewers have an ethical and professional responsibility to protect the confidentiality of authors' material and communications related to the review process. They must not share submitted work with unauthorized third parties or use information obtained during the review process for personal or third-party benefit. The status of a manuscript in the editorial process will only be communicated to the corresponding authors.

Política Internacional magazine implements technical and organizational security measures to protect personal information from unauthorized access, disclosure, alteration, or destruction. This includes the use of secure submission platforms with encryption, password protection, restricted access to data for authorized personnel only, and regular backups.

Personal information will be retained for the time necessary to fulfill the purposes for which it was collected, including maintaining the academic record. Data associated with published manuscripts (authors, affiliations, ORCID) will be retained indefinitely as part of the scientific record. 

For any questions or concerns regarding this privacy policy or the handling of your personal data, please contact the International Policy editorial team at rpi@isri.minrex.gob.cu and politicainternacionaldigital@gmail.com.

Copyright policies

The author(s), as owner(s) of moral and property rights of the published article, declare(s) that they have full disposition of the article without any limitation, restriction or charge, including the graphic, photographic, drawings, tables, diagrams and any other element that is part of the article. They also declare that the intellectual property rights of third parties have not been infringed.

The authors will retain their copyright and will grant the journal, free of charge, the right to publish their work in the first instance.

Authors grant the journal a non-exclusive, worldwide license to publish, distribute, and archive the article in any format, without restricting their ability to reuse the work on other platforms, as well as for the journal to perform evaluation, correction, editing, layout, printing, reproduction, publication, and dissemination, both in print and digital formats, as appropriate.

The authors grant the journal Política Internacional permission to incorporate the article in databases, electronic repositories and other means of indexing. This includes the right to store it in its servers, as well as the right to make any temporary reproduction that allows readers to visualize, reproduce and save the article.

The authors, for the publication of their work, accept that it is under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial International 4.0 License (CC BY-NC 4.0). This license allows copying and redistributing the material in any medium and format, as well as remixing, reusing and transforming such material, and generating derivative works; as long as the original author is cited and acknowledged, its first publication in this journal is indicated, and it is done for non-commercial purposes.

Authors have the possibility to establish non-exclusive license agreements to distribute the Version of Record (VoR) of the published article (i.e., the final version laid out and published by the journal, including the DOI) or a part of it. This includes, e.g., depositing it in an institutional telematic archive, publishing it in a monographic volume or for an oral dissertation, as long as the initial publication in Política Internacional is mentioned (authorship, number, volume, date and link). Therefore, authors are allowed and encouraged to disseminate their final work, which can foster knowledge sharing and increase citations of the published work.

Regarding copyright, the journal does not request any payment for the submission, processing or publication of articles.

Policy on the use of artificial intelligence models

Authors are responsible for the accuracy, integrity and originality of the submitted work, including any use of Artificial Intelligence (AI), and that the work submitted does not infringe the rights of third parties.

The attribution of authorship entails responsibilities for the submitted work and copyright, as well as the ability to address potential claims, respond to conflicts of interest, be accountable for the accuracy and integrity of the writing or intellectual work created, and be legally and ethically accountable for the contents of the writing. These responsibilities are inherent to human beings and cannot be applied to AI models. 

Authors should not include AI or AI-assisted technologies as an author or co-author of a postulated work, nor cite an AI product as an author. Therefore, generative artificial intelligence tools, including NLP (natural language processing) or LLM (large language models) systems, such as ChatGPT, Microsoft Copilot, Gemini, Claude, Perplexity or Bing Chat, among others, cannot be considered as authors in the journal Política Internacional, because they do not meet its authorship criteria.

Authors must clearly and obligatorily declare the use of any artificial intelligence model or tool in the preparation of the manuscript; specifying the name and version of the model, for what purposes it has been used and specifying the sections of the manuscript in which this tool has been applied. This information must be completed in the section dedicated to that effect in the Cover Letter that accompanies the manuscript submission.

Artificial Intelligence models should only be used to improve readability, formatting, quality of writing and grammar, the language of the work, in translation, modify the tone and style of the text, or editing in general. Their use should be limited to assistive tools that do not generate original intellectual content or replace human critical thinking and research. They may not be used to replace key authorship tasks such as study conception, methodological design, content creation, production of scientific knowledge and results, drawing conclusions, or making recommendations. The use of AI tools must be informed, transparent, ethical, and responsible.

Authors must also ensure that there is no plagiarism, fabricated content (hallucinations), or other scientific misconduct resulting from their use, and that all sources of information used, including those suggested or processed by AI, are correctly cited and verified by the human author. Furthermore, claiming authorship of content generated by artificial intelligence tools constitutes poor scientific practice, and the author is solely responsible for the accuracy and originality of the entire manuscript, including those parts where AI has been used as assistance.

Editors are responsible for ensuring that the processes leading to publication incorporate good practices and ethical, responsible and transparent behavior by all parties involved. This includes the use of AI during the editing process. AI should not substitute or replace the responsibilities of editors or accountability for these tasks. Editors should ensure the strict confidentiality of manuscripts and associated information, refraining from uploading unpublished content to AI tools that do not guarantee data privacy and security.

Peer reviewers must declare the use of artificial intelligence to support article evaluation, and are responsible for ensuring that any AI-generated information and content included in reviews is accurate, complete, and unbiased. In addition, they should not upload manuscripts from this journal to software or other AI technologies where confidentiality is not guaranteed. The reviewer is responsible for the content of the review report and the recommendations issued in their name. They are also responsible for any queries, instructions, or prompts they provide as input to an AI system to support their refereeing process.

Manuscripts submitted to the journal International Politics will be verified during the preliminary evaluation process, making use of available tools for AI detection, such as Оriginаlity, ZеrоGPT, Cоntеnt аt scаlе, Writеr, Copyleaks and GPTZеrо. It's important to emphasize that these tools are intended as a support tool, and their results will be complemented by expert human review, given the constant evolution of AI and the inherent limitations of detection technologies.

In case of detection of undeclared or improper use of generative artificial intelligence in the writing of the submitted manuscript, the editors will contact the authors involved in this practice to inform them about the rejection of the manuscript. The journal reserves the right to take additional measures in cases of serious or repeated misconduct, including notification to the authors' institutions and a ban on future submissions, in accordance with the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines.

Research data management

The journal is committed to promoting transparency, reproducibility, and the advancement of scientific knowledge through appropriate management of research data. In this regard,The Editorial Board of the journal requests that authors facilitate the availability and openness of the research data used for the preparation of original articles, in one of the different recognized repositories created for this purpose (e.g. Data Cite, Open data, SciELO Data, Google Data Set Search, Zenodo, Figshare), except for justified exceptions (for example, sensitive or confidential data). The goal is for data to be Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR principles), so that it can be shared, reused, and its long-term preservation guaranteed.

Authors are expected to provide clear and complete documentation of the data, including a description of the methodology used for data collection and any processing performed. Metadata should be included to facilitate understanding and use of the data. This includes information on the research context, variables, file formats, and access conditions. The journal requests that authors use open and permissive data licenses (e.g., CC-BY-4.0) that allow reuse and adaptation of data with appropriate attribution.

The availability of these data significantly contributes to research replicability, increases the visibility and citations of both the articles and the journal, and facilitates the transparency and credibility of the research itself. When research data are available in a repository, they should be formally cited in the article's reference section, using their DOI or persistent identifier, following data citation guidelines (e.g., the DataCite recommendations).

Below are links to some well-known repositories and useful resources for data management:

-DataCite: https://datacite.org/
-Open Data: https://opendatacommons.org/
-SciELO Data: https://scielodata.org/
-Google Data Set Search: https://toolbox.googleapps.com/apps/datasetsearch/
-Zenodo: https://zenodo.org/
-Figshare: https://figshare.com/
-Registry of Open Access Repositories (ROAR): https://roar.eprints.org/

Preservation policy of digital archives

The journal Política Internacional recognizes the fundamental importance of long-term preservation of the scholarly record and is committed to ensuring the accessibility, integrity, and authenticity of all its published content. To this end, it implements a multifaceted digital preservation strategy that combines internationally recognized archiving solutions with national and regional repositories, ensuring the continued availability of its articles for future generations of researchers and the global scientific community.

The journal also uses the LOCKSS (Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe) system, taking advantage of its compatibility with Open Journal Systems, thus guaranteeing a permanent and secure archive of its content. LOCKSS is an open-source program, which allows the creation of an archive distributed among participating libraries, enabling these libraries to preserve and restore digitally. Each archive is continuously validated against records from other libraries, so any damaged or lost content can be restored using those records or the journal itself. This supports the storage, preservation and restoration system for articles published in the journal.

Additionally, to strengthen open access and long-term preservation, all published content is permanently archived on Zenodo, a multidisciplinary open access repository supported by CERN. Zenodo provides a persistent Digital Object Identifier (DOI) for each article, facilitating citation and discoverability, and ensuring its perpetual accessibility, even if the journal ceases to be published.

In compliance with national legislation and as part of its multifaceted preservation strategy, Política Internacional journal legally deposits its publications at the José Martí National Library of Cuba. This deposit is updated annually, ensuring the preservation of the academic record at the national level.

The journal also maintains a backup and preservation of its digital archives through coordination with the Scientific and Technical Information Center of the Raúl Roa García Institute of International Relations (ISRI) and the CLACSO Virtual Library (http://biblioteca.clacso.edu.ar/colecciones/saladelectura). These institutions act as additional repositories, contributing to data redundancy and security at the regional level and facilitating access to the Latin American academic community.

In line with the principles of Open Access and to foster maximum visibility and dissemination of research, International Policy supports and promotes self-archiving of articles. Authors are permitted to archive the post-print version (evaluated and accepted for publication) and the final published version (Version of Record) of their articles in institutional or thematic repositories, personal websites, or academic networks. This requires proper citation of the original publication in International Policy and inclusion of a link to the published version on the journal's website. This self-archiving policy complements our digital preservation initiatives, facilitating access to and reuse of knowledge by the global community.

The journal encourages its authors to broaden the visibility and scope of articles through their dissemination, as long as they provide information that accredits their first publication in Política Internacional.

Application of publication charges

The Revista Política Internacional is an open-access scientific journal in Diamond/Platinum OA mode committed to the free and barrier-free dissemination of scientific knowledge. In this regard, we reaffirm our policy of not charging publication charges (APCs) to authors. This decision is based on our commitment to ensuring that access to research is free and equitable for all, regardless of financial means.

The journal offers its publishing services to authors free of charge. All expenses related to manuscript submission, editorial processing, article evaluation, and other actions necessary to complete the publication process are fully assumed by the Raúl Roa García Higher Institute of International Relations, the journal's publisher.

The Revista Política Internacional is not for commercial or profit-making purposes. Commercial advertising for any product, person, or service is not accepted or hosted in the journal. 

Policy on errata, corrections and retractions

The journal Política Internacional is committed to maintaining the integrity and reliability of the scientific record. We recognize the importance of promptly correcting any errors or inaccuracies in published articles. To this end, we strictly follow the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines and Core Practices (https://publicationethics.org/guidance) for the publication of errata, corrections and retractions.

Authors are responsible for notifying Política Internacional of any significant errors they detect in their published article. They should contact the editorial team as soon as possible, providing clear details of the error and a proposed correction.

Política Internacional may also identify errors through peer review, third-party complaints, or through its own editorial quality control processes. The editorial team will investigate all allegations of errors or misconduct following the procedures established by COPE and our Publication Ethics Policy.

To report any errors, concerns about the integrity of a published article, or any questions related to this policy, please contact the editorial team at rpi@isri.minrex.gob.cu and politicainternacionaldigital@gmail.com.

The Journal Política Internacional uses different types of notices to correct, clarify, or retract published articles, depending on the nature and severity of the problem:

Erratum (Fe de Errata):

An Erratum is published to correct minor errors introduced by the author in the published article that do not affect the integrity of the data, findings, conclusions, or interpretation of the work. Examples include typographical errors, omissions of words, errors in an author's name or affiliation (if it does not affect authorship), or minor errors in tables or figures that do not alter the results. These errors do not compromise the reputation of the authors or the scientific reliability of the work.

Corrigendum (Editorial Correction):
A Corrigendum is published to correct significant errors introduced by the editorial during the production process (e.g., layout errors, incorrect graphics due to a printing error) or more substantial errors introduced by the author that, while not invalidating the main findings, could affect the interpretation or understanding of the work. These errors are more serious than those in an Erratum but do not justify a retraction.

Retraction:

A Retraction is a mechanism for correcting the scientific record and alerting readers to articles that have content or data so erroneous or problematic that their findings and conclusions are unreliable. This may be the result of an honest mistake, serious unintentional errors, or, more commonly, research or publication misconduct. Retractions, if used, will alert readers to instances of redundant publication, plagiarism, copyright infringement or other legal issues, unethical research, and/or failure to disclose a conflict of interest that would have unduly influenced interpretations, conclusions, or recommendations.

Process for Erratum and Corrigendum

When an error is identified that warrants correction, the author or the journal must notify the Executive Editor. The Executive Editor, or a designated member of the editorial team, will then evaluate the proposed correction and analyze its impact on the article. If approved, an Erratum or Corrigendum notice will be issued as a separate document, linked to the original article. This notice will include the corresponding title (Erratum or Corrigendum), the full title of the original article along with the names of its authors, a clear and concise description of the error detected and the correction made, as well as the date of publication of the notice. It should be noted that the original article will remain unchanged, but the notice will be clearly visible and accessible from the original article and vice versa, thus ensuring the transparency and traceability of the process.

Processd for Retraction

The journal will consider retracting a publication if:

• There is objective evidence that the findings are unreliable, either as a result of a major error or as a result of fabrication (e.g., data) or falsification (e.g., image manipulation).
• It constitutes plagiarism (including significant self-plagiarism).
• The results have been previously published without proper attribution, disclosure to the editor, or permission to republish (redundant or duplicate publication).
• It contains unauthorized material or data, or copyright infringement has occurred.
• It contains unethical research (e.g., without ethical approval or informed consent).
• The publication is the result of a compromised or manipulated peer-review process.
• The authors did not disclose a conflict of interest that would have unduly affected the interpretations, work, or recommendations.

Retraction procedure:

When an allegation of misconduct that could lead to a retraction is received, the International Politics editorial team will initiate a thorough investigation following COPE's flowcharts and guidelines, as well as our Publication Ethics Policy.

Authors will be given the opportunity to respond to the allegations.

If the investigation concludes that a retraction is necessary, a formal Retraction Notice will be published. This notice will be:

• Clearly identified as "Retraction" in the title.
• Published on a numbered page in the journal (if applicable) and online.
• Linked to the original article in all databases and platforms where it is indexed.
• Clearly explain the reason(s) for the retraction (e.g., plagiarism, fabricated data, duplicate publication), without ambiguity or generic references to "legal reasons," unless an explicit court order prohibits another explanation, in which case it will be stated.
• Signed by the editor or editorial board.

The original article will remain accessible on the journal's platform and in databases, but will be prominently marked as "RETRACTED" on each page and in its metadata. This ensures that the scientific record remains complete and transparent, allowing readers to understand the article's history.

The metadata of the retracted article (title, authors, etc.) will be retained for identification and traceability purposes.

Conflict of Interest Policy

Integrity, transparency, and objectivity are fundamental pillars of scientific publishing. We recognize that the existence of conflicts of interest, whether real or perceived, can compromise the credibility and impartiality of research and its dissemination. Therefore, it is imperative that authors, reviewers, and members of the editorial team declare any conflicts of interest that may influence the manuscript, its evaluation, or its publication. This policy aligns with international guidelines on publication ethics, such as those of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

A conflict of interest is defined as any situation in which the personal, financial, professional, or intellectual interests (including, but not limited to, patents or intellectual property) of an author, reviewer, or editorial team member may influence, or appear to influence, their judgment, the objectivity of the research, or the publication process. This includes, but is not limited to, financial relationships (employment, consultancies, stocks, fees, research funding, grants), personal relationships (family, close friendship), institutional affiliations, academic or competitive rivalries, or any other circumstances that may compromise impartiality.

When submitting a manuscript for publication, authors have a responsibility to acknowledge and declare any potential or actual conflicts of interest that may influence the results, presentation, interpretation, or publication of their work. This explicitly includes declaring all sources of funding that have supported the research or preparation of the manuscript, as well as any financial, personal, professional, or institutional relationships that may be relevant to the study or its publication.

This declaration is essential for transparency and does not invalidate the publication of the manuscript. It should be included in the Cover letter accompanying the manuscript. If there are no conflicts of interest or relevant sources of funding, authors should explicitly state this. The standard wording for this situation is: “The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest in the conduct of this study.” The authors' declaration of conflicts of interest will be published alongside the final article.

Editors and members of the Editorial Board who participate in decision-making regarding manuscripts are required to declare any potential or actual conflicts of interest that may affect their impartial judgment. This includes financial, personal, or professional relationships with the authors, the authors' institutions, or the content of the manuscript.

If a conflict of interest is identified, the editorial team member must immediately recuse themselves from the management and evaluation of the manuscript in question, notifying the Editor-in-Chief or the responsible editorial team member. The management of the manuscript will be assigned to another editorial team member who has no conflicts of interest. The Editor-in-Chief or the Editorial Board member responsible for final decisions will oversee the correct application of this policy for editorial team members.

If a conflict of interest is identified, the editorial board member must immediately recuse themselves from the management and evaluation of the manuscript in question, notifying the Editor-in-Chief or the responsible editorial board member. The management of said manuscript will be assigned to another member of the editorial board who has no conflicts of interest. The Editor-in-Chief or the Editorial Board member responsible for final decisions will oversee the correct application of this policy for editorial board members.

Peers acting as external reviewers must disclose to the editors any conflict of interest that could bias their opinions on the manuscript, regardless of whether they assume that it would not affect their decision, and must excuse themselves from reviewing it. In the event that a conflict is identified, steps will be taken to ensure that the review process is impartial, which may include the assignment of alternative reviewers.

Any suspicion of undeclared conflict of interest or unethical behavior related to this policy will be thoroughly investigated by the journal's Editorial Board, ensuring a fair and transparent process.

Failure to disclose or improper management of a conflict of interest by authors, reviewers, or members of the editorial team may result in severe disciplinary action, depending on the severity and impact on the integrity of the process. These actions may include, but are not limited to:
• For authors: Rejection of the manuscript, retraction or correction of the already published article, temporary or permanent ban on future publications in the journal, and notification to the institutions of those involved or to funding agencies.
• For reviewers: Removal from the journal's reviewer database and notification to their institutions, if applicable.
• For editorial team members: Removal from their editorial responsibilities, suspension or termination of their membership on the Editorial Board, and notification to their institutions, if applicable.

The journal's Editorial Board will be responsible for resolving these cases, taking the necessary measures to preserve the integrity and credibility of the publication.

Financing Model and Sustainability Policy

The financial and operational sustainability of Revista Política Internacional is fully guaranteed through the support and resources provided by the Raúl Roa García Higher Institute of International Relations (its publishing institution). This institutional commitment covers all costs associated with editorial management, the peer review process, layout, online publication, maintenance of the web platform, digital preservation, and any other infrastructure necessary for the continued operation of the journal.

The journal does not seek or receive any other source of external funding, sponsorship, subsidy, or financial contribution from commercial, governmental, or non-governmental entities.

In line with its open access and non-profit model, Política Internacional does not charge authors any fees at any stage of the editorial process. This includes, but is not limited to, manuscript submission fees, article processing charges (APCs), publication fees, or any other costs associated with the evaluation and publication of the work. Publication in our journal is completely free of charge for authors.

All articles and content published in the journal are available for reading, downloading, and distribution at no cost to readers, without the need for subscription or registration.

The journal does not accept or host commercial advertising for any product, service, or entity. Our website and publications do not contain paid advertisements or promotional content from third parties.

Any mention of trademarks for specific equipment, instruments, software, or materials in published manuscripts is made solely for the purposes of identification, scientific replicability, and technical description. Such mention does not imply any endorsement, promotion, or commercial commitment on the part of the journal, its editors, or the authors.

All decisions regarding the acceptance, rejection, or publication of manuscripts are based solely on the academic relevance, originality, scientific validity, and methodological quality of the content, as determined by the peer review process and the judgment of the editorial team. There is no external, commercial, or financial influence on editorial decisions.

Complaints and appeals

The journal Política Internacional is committed to addressing and resolving in a fair and transparent manner any complaints or appeals related to non-compliance with the editorial practices described in its publication process. This includes complaints from authors, reviewers and the editorial team.

Interested parties should send a duly identified and signed letter (anonymous documents will not be accepted) addressed to the Editorial Board to the e-mail address available in the Contact section, with the following basic information:

- Duly justified subject.
- Full names of the interested party or parties.
- Basic data for its location: e-mail and telephone number.
- Place and date.

If possible, supplementary documentation should be attached as proof or evidence of the situation claimed.

Once the letter has been reviewed and it has been observed that it has the elements that justify the complaint or appeal, the executive editor will receive the request, maintain confidentiality, and will respond, when appropriate, as soon as possible. In cases where the situation warrants it, the executive editor will consult with the Editorial Board to address the controversy raised. The journal undertakes to respond initially within 15 working days and to communicate the final decision, detailing the reasons.

Complaints that are outside the scope of the journal, such as personal complaints against authors, editors, reviewers, or the journal's editorial team, will receive a response indicating the reasons why the complaint is not considered to be within the journal's competence. In addition, the journal will refrain from carrying out the corresponding investigations when complaints or claims are presented in an offensive, threatening or defamatory manner.

When the reason for the complaint or appeal involves a breach of some of the good ethical practices established by the journal and the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) in its Fundamental Practices, we will proceed according to the COPE Flowcharts for each case.

Policy for handling contributions from editors, members of the Editorial Board or authors of the publishing institution

The journal Política Internacional is committed to maintaining the highest standards of academic integrity, impartiality and transparency in the review and publication of all articles, including those submitted by editors, editorial board members or authors from the same institution as the journal's publisher.

The objective is to ensure that these contributions are evaluated with the same rigor, impartiality and objectivity as any other manuscript, avoiding any real or perceived conflict of interest, maintaining the confidence of the public and the scientific community in the quality and integrity of our publication. 

At the time of submitting an article proposal, the editor, editorial board member or author of the publishing institution must explicitly declare his/her affiliation with the journal and any other potential conflict of interest (financial, personal, institutional, etc.). This information should be completed in the Cover Letter that accompanies articles and other contributions submitted to the journal. This statement will be visible to the entire editorial team and reviewers.

The editor, Editorial Board member or author of the publishing institution submitting the article will be excluded from any editorial decisions related to the submitted manuscript. This includes:

• Preliminary acceptance of the article, for subsequent peer review.
• Assignment of reviewers.
• Evaluation of the reviews.
• Final acceptance or rejection decision.
• Direct communication with reviewers.

As established by the journal's rules, all articles submitted by editors, members of the Editorial Board or authors of the publishing institution will be submitted to a double-blind peer review process. Thus, two external reviewers will be selected, experts in the subject of the article, who have no affiliation with the journal and no conflict of interest with the author.

In situations where the Executive Editor of the journal faces a conflict of interest, an external associate editor will be appointed to manage the review process. In the case of articles submitted by an editor or editorial board member, a Guest Editor (Handling Editor) external to the journal will be appointed. This Guest Editor should be an expert in the subject area of the article and should not present conflicts of interest with the author.

The author of the article will receive the same information and feedback as any other author. Communication between the Editor, the reviewers and the author will be carried out following the management mechanisms established by the journal. The final decision on the acceptance or rejection of the article will be made by the Guest Editor, based on the evaluations made by the reviewers and the quality of the manuscript. The Guest Editor will be responsible for the entire editorial process of the manuscript, including:

• Selection of external reviewers.
• Evaluation of reviews.
• Communication with reviewers and the author.
• Making the final decision on acceptance or rejection of the article.

Additionally, in the “Instructions to Authors” section of our journal, the following statement will be included:

“Policy for evaluation of articles submitted by editors, editorial board members or authors from the publishing Institution: All articles submitted by editors, editorial board members or authors from the publishing institution will be subjected to a rigorous double-blind peer review process. These articles will be treated with the same impartiality and quality standards as articles submitted by other authors. Editors and Editorial Board members will not be allowed to review their own papers, and the selection of external reviewers without conflicts of interest will be ensured. Transparency and integrity are central to our commitment to the scientific community.”

This policy will be reviewed periodically by the editorial team to ensure its effectiveness and alignment with best editorial practices and ethical standards in scientific publishing. 

Editorial and Publication Process

Proposals for papers for the journal Política Internacional should be sent to the journal's institutional e-mail address: rpi@isri.minrex.gob.cu and politicainternacionaldigital@gmail.com .

All submitted manuscripts must be original and unpublished. Submission to Política Internacional implies that the manuscript has not been previously published nor is it being simultaneously considered by any other publication or medium. The journal uses anti-plagiarism software to ensure scientific integrity. Any suspicion of malpractice will be investigated in accordance with COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) standards. The journal prioritizes the publication of original research, dedicating at least 75% of each issue's content to peer-reviewed research articles, complemented by works dedicated to scientific dissemination and innovation. To ensure transparency, each published article will include the date of initial receipt, final approval, and publication.

The Editorial Board will confirm receipt of the manuscript to the corresponding author within 7 working days of its arrival, sending a formal acknowledgment of receipt. The acknowledgement of receipt of the manuscript will be sent to the author responsible for the correspondence. In the same way, authors will be kept informed about the status of their manuscript at every stage of the editorial process. (preliminary evaluation, peer review, editorial decision, editing and publication), the evaluation (or rejection) and acceptance (or rejection) of their contribution, as well as the editing and publication of accepted manuscripts.

At the time of submission, authors must attach a signed Cover Letter, with all necessary biographical and personal data, their ORCID identifier (Open Researcher and Contributor ID), confirming the originality of the work, the contribution of all authors, the exclusivity of the presentation, the absence of plagiarism and self-plagiarism, the declaration of possible conflicts of interest, and, if applicable, sources of funding and the use of artificial intelligence models in the preparation of the manuscript.

After acknowledgement of receipt of the manuscript, the Editorial Board will carry out a first evaluation, of an editorial nature, within a maximum period of 14 business days. The purpose of this evaluation is to verify that the article has not been previously published, to analyze it with anti-plagiarism software, to check that it fits the editorial and thematic profile of the journal, to review the quality of the content, length and structure, and to confirm that it complies with the rules for the submission of papers. Manuscripts that do not meet these criteria, present significant formal or thematic deficiencies, or show evidence of poor scientific practices (including plagiarism) will be rejected at this preliminary stage. The reasons for rejection will be communicated to the authors.

If the manuscript meets the preliminary evaluation criteria, it will advance to the peer review stage. If the manuscript fits the thematic profile but presents correctable formal deficiencies, it will be returned to the authors for the necessary corrections, with a maximum period of 21 calendar days for resubmission of the corrected version. The "Receipt Date" published in the final article will correspond to the date of the first version of the manuscript that meets all the formal and content requirements to begin the peer review process.

Manuscripts that pass preliminary evaluation (with the exception of editorials, articles, interviews, book or event reviews, and other specific content, which will be evaluated and approved directly by the Executive Editor) will undergo a double-blind peer-review process. Each manuscript will be evaluated by at least two experts in the field, selected by the Editorial Board based on their knowledge and experience in the article's subject matter. The objective of this process is to ensure the scientific and editorial quality of the contributions and to assist the Editorial Board in its publication decisions. The Editorial Board is committed to ensuring that the peer-review process is fair, impartial, and objective, adhering to the ethical guidelines established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). As a result of this process, authors will receive notification of the editorial decision (acceptance, acceptance with major/minor revisions, or rejection), accompanied by the reviewers' anonymous comments. If revisions are requested, authors must resubmit the corrected manuscript within the indicated period. The process may involve up to two rounds of substantial review. The maximum time between acceptance of the article and the initial evaluation by the referees will be up to 30 calendar days, , with an average time from acceptance to first decision of 21 days, and the total time until the final decision will not exceed 3 months. See the journal's peer review guidelines for more details.

Once the manuscript has been accepted for publication after peer review, it will move on to the editing and production stage. A copy editor will work closely with the corresponding author to ensure clarity, consistency, and adherence to the journal's editorial style. During this phase, authors may make only minimal formal changes (grammar, style, and formatting). Substantial modifications that alter the content approved by the reviewers will not be permitted. The manuscript will then undergo layout, assembly, and design for inclusion in the corresponding issue. This stage takes an average of 30 calendar days.

Once published, the article will be available online in open access, in multiple formats (PDF, HTML, XML, EPUB), facilitating its consultation, download, and citation free of charge. Each published article will receive a unique DOI (Digital Object Identifier), which guarantees its permanent identification and correct indexing. The corresponding author will be notified of the publication of the issue and volume in which their article appears. The Revista Política Internacional is committed to the long-term digital preservation of its contents, collaborating with the CLACSO Virtual Library, Zenodo, and LOCKSS. All content is available openly, free of charge, under a Creative Commons CC BY-NC 4.0 license, facilitating dissemination and reuse in accordance with international best practices.

Acceptance of papers for evaluation does not imply a commitment to publish them. On average, the time elapsed between the reception of a paper and its publication is 120 days. The Editorial Board reserves the right to maintain the accepted articles for subsequent publications, if necessary, and to select the most convenient issue of the journal for the publication of the papers. If for any reason the author does not wish to publish his/her article, once it has been submitted and is in process, he/she should communicate it in writing to the journal's management in order to avoid an ethical conflict. The journal reserves the right to retract articles or publish corrections if irregularities are detected after publication. The publication of the articles does not mean that the journal shares the contents of the articles; these are the exclusive responsibility of the authors.