El ascenso de China como potencia global visto desde su participación en el movimiento olímpico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15759216%20Palabras clave:
Juegos Olímpicos, política de acercamiento y demostración, potencia global, sedes olímpicasResumen
Este artículo analiza la participación de China en el movimiento olímpico, centrándose en el periodo comprendido entre las elecciones de 2000 que eligieron a Pekín como sede de los Juegos Olímpicos de Verano de 2008 y los Juegos Olímpicos de Invierno de 2022, que se celebraron en la capital china. Se sostiene que China ha utilizado su participación en el movimiento olímpico como componente de una política más amplia de acercamiento y demostración, a través de la cual ha tratado de mostrar su ascenso y emergencia como potencia mundial. Esta política se ha caracterizado por centrarse en maximizar las medallas de oro y asegurar las sedes olímpicas, junto con otros objetivos políticos que encuentran su expresión en el ámbito del desarrollo deportivo.
Descargas
Citas
AFP. (2008, agosto 7). Rogge all for freedom of speech, but on IOC’s terms. ABC News. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2008-08-08/rogge-all-for-freedom-of-speech-but-on-iocs-terms/468582
AOC. (2024). “And the winner is... Sydney” 30 years on from the winning Sydney 2000 bid . News. https://www.olympics.com.au/news/and-the-winner-is-sydney-30-years-on-from-the-winning-sydney-2000-bid/
Banco Mundial. (2025, enero 28). Crecimiento del PIB (% anual) - China. Datos. https://datos.bancomundial.org/indicador/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG?view=chart&locations=CN
Carr, E. H. (2004). La crisis de los veinte años (1919-1939). La Catarata.
COC. (2004a, marzo 27). Early Relations With International Sports Organization. History. https://en.olympic.cn/china_oly/history/2004-03-27/466458.html
COC. (2004b, marzo 27). Reinstatement in the Olympic Movement. History. https://en.olympic.cn/china_oly/history/2004-03-27/565023.html
COI. (1993). Report. IOC Enquiry Commission for the Games of the XXVII Olympiad 2000. https://issuu.com/thatsnotmypuppy/docs/2000evaluationreport
COI. (2006). Beijing 2008 election. Beijing. https://web.archive.org/web/20061205234608/http://olympic.org/uk/games/beijing/election_uk.asp
COI. (2014). Beijing 2022 : candidate city. Olympic World Library. https://library.olympics.com/Default/doc/SYRACUSE/30454/beijing-2022-candidate-city-comite-de-candidature-de-beijing-aux-jeux-olympiques-d-hiver-de-2022
COI. (2018a). Beijing 2000 Olympic Games Bid Committee . Olympic World Library. https://library.olympics.com/Default/doc/SYRACUSE/37766/beijing-2000-beijing-2000-olympic-games-bid-committee
COI. (2018b). Beijing 2008 candidate city. Olympic World Library. https://library.olympics.com/Default/doc/SYRACUSE/42147/beijing-2008-candidate-city-comite-pour-la-candidature-de-beijing-aux-jeux-olympiques-de-2008
COI. (2025a). 2022 Host City Election. 2022 Host City Election. https://www.olympics.com/ioc/2022-host-city-election
COI. (2025b). Olympic Results, Gold Medalists and Official Records. Olympic games. https://www.olympics.com/en/olympic-games/olympic-results
DOS. (2018). Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations. Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1921-1936/mukden-incident
Eckstein, R. (1993). Ping Pong Diplomacy: A View from behind the Scenes. The Journal of American-East Asian Relations, 2(3), 327–342. https://doi.org/10.1163/187656193X00202
Gilpin, R. (1981). War and Change in World Politics. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511664267
Herrera Orea, J. E. (2025). Deporte olímpico y hegemonía estadounidense: un análisis desde la Guerra Fría hasta el Nuevo Orden Mundial. Revista Política Internacional, 7(1), 299–313. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.14474553
Hunt, T. M. (2011). Drug Games. The International Olympic Committee and the Politics of Doping, 1960-2008. (First Edit, Vol. 7, Número 2). University of Texas Press.
Jianjie, W., Xiaoye, Z., Keenan, T., & Yihong, D. (2009, enero 1). Air-Quality Management and Weather Prediction during the 2008 Beijing Olympics. World Meteorological Organization. https://wmo.int/media/magazine-article/air-quality-management-and-weather-prediction-during-2008-beijing-olympics
Jie, G., Lang, M., & Yiyi, L. (2024). Assessing Air Quality Improvements During the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics: A Case for Sustainable Urban Management. SSRN. https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.5105385
Kissinger, H. (1995). La diplomacia. Fondo de Cultura Económica.
Longman, J. (2008, febrero 15). Why China Has the Torch. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/03/sports/olympics/03longman.html
Mcbride, J., Berman, N., & Manno, M. (2024, junio 20). The Economics of Hosting the Olympic Games. Council on Foreign Relations. https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/economics-hosting-olympic-games
Nye, J. (2004). Soft Power. The means to success in world politics. Public Affairs.
Nygård, H. M., & Gates, S. (2013). Soft power at home and abroad: Sport diplomacy, politics and peace-building. International Area Studies Review, 16(3), 235–243. https://doi.org/10.1177/2233865913502971
Owen, J. M. (2019). Ikenberry, international relations theory, and the rise of China. British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 21(1), 55–62. https://doi.org/10.1177/1369148118791979
Rhamey, J. P., & Early, B. R. (2013). Going for the gold: Status-seeking behavior and Olympic performance. International Area Studies Review, 16(3), 244–261. https://doi.org/10.1177/2233865913499563/ASSET/IMAGES/LARGE/10.1177_2233865913499563-FIG6.JPEG
Solberg, H. A. (2018). Why cities are willing to host them, despite the lack of economic benefits. En I. Brittain, J. Bocarro, T. Byers, & K. Swart (Eds.), Legacias and Mega Events (pp. 43–59). Routledge.
Tan, T. C., & Houlihan, B. (2013). Chinese Olympic sport policy: Managing the impact of globalisation. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 48(2), 131–152. https://doi.org/10.1177/1012690212445169
Wang, J. (2011). China’s Search for a Grand Strategy: A Rising Great Power Finds Its Way. Foreign Affairs, 90(2), 68–79. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25800458
Wei, F., Hong, F., & Zhouxiang, L. (2010). Chinese state sports policy: Pre- and Post-Beijing 2008. International Journal of the History of Sport, 27(14–15), 2380–2402. https://doi.org/10.1080/09523367.2010.504583
Weixing, H. (2016). The rise of China and Chinese IR theories. Practice and theory-building. En Z. Yongjin & C. Teng-Chi (Eds.), Constructing a Chinese School of International Relations. Ongoing debates and sociological realities (pp. 68–97). Routledge.
Xu, Guoqi. (2008). Olympic dreams : China and sports, 1895-2008. Harvard University Press. https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674028401
Yardley, J. (2008, agosto 8). China’s Leaders Try to Impress and Reassure World. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/09/sports/olympics/09china.html
Zheng, J., Chen, S., Tan, T. C., & Lau, P. W. C. (2018). Sport policy in China (Mainland). International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics, 10(3), 469–491. https://doi.org/10.1080/19406940.2017.1413585
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Política Internacional
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
